- (s)pen-1(d-)
- (s)pen-1(d-)English meaning: to pull; to spinDeutsche Übersetzung: “ziehen, spannen” and ‘spinnen”, indem die to webenden Fäden zuerst ausgespannt wurdenNote: (s)pen- : spē(i)- “ziehen” = pen- “feed”: pü- “Vieh weiden, feed” = bhü- : bhen- ‘speak”; compare das different vokalisierte pü̆ n- “Gewebe”, above S. 788.Material: 1. forms without -s-: Arm. hanum, Aor. hanay and henum, Aor. heni “to weave, zusammennähen”; s. above Meillet Esquisse2 55, 105, 111 f.; Gk. πένομαι ‘strenge mich an, mũhe mich ab, have Mangel”, πόνος “mũhsame work, hardship, distress “, πονέω “mũhe mich ab, etc.”, πονηρός “in schlechtem Zustande, schadhaft, lasterhaft”, πένης “arm, poor”, πενία “lack, poverty”, πεινῆν ‘starve”, from which probably retrograd πείνη “hunger” and πάτος ἔνδυμα τῆς ῝Ηρας Hes. as *pn̥-tos; diese or eine similar t-formation lies also dem O.Ir.ēt- “kleiden” the basic; Lith. pinù, pìnti “flax, wattle, braid”, pántis m. f., O.Pruss. panto f. “manacle”, Ltv. pinu, pît “flax, wattle, braid”, pinekls “manacle”; O.C.S. pьnǫ, pęti ‘spannen”, ablaut. opona f. “curtain”, ponjava “Umhang, dress”, pǫto “manacle”(Serb. pȕto), wherefore among others Russ. prepjátь “hinder”, raspjátь “kreuzigen”, pjatь, pnutь “with dem Fußestoßen” and O.C.S. pęta “calcaneus “ (Serb. petasati “with den Fũßen ausschlagen”), Russ. pjatá, Serb. péta, Lith. péntis m. “ds.; back the axe, the scythe”, O.Pruss. pentis “calcaneus “; perhaps Alb. pendë, pëndë “pair Ochsen; Joch (piece of wood as field measure)” from a *pentü “*Gespann”; also penk “Koppel”; 2. forms with anlaut. s-: Lat. sponte “from eigenem Antrieb, from freiem Willen”; Goth. O.H.G. O.E. spinnan, O.Ice. spinna ‘spinnen” (*spenu̯ō, compare spannan S. 982 from *spǝ-nu̯ō), O.H.G. spinna “ spider”; with einfachem n: O.Ice. spuni m. “Gespinst”, O.E. spinel, O.H.G. spinala (and spinnila) “ spindle”. 3. extension (s)pen-d-: Lith. spéndžiu, spę́sti “einen Fallstrick lay, place (spannen)”, O.Lith. spándau, -yti ‘spannen”, Lith. spanskus “eng, drũckend”, spą́stas “Falle”, Ltv. spiêst “press, constrain, oblige”, iterative spaidît, spuôsts “Fallstrick, Falle”, Ltv. spendele “ feather an a Schlosse”, spanda ‘strickwerk am Pflug”, as also püm. spundr “plough”, Gk. σπινδεῖρα ἄροτρον Hes. (i.e. σπινδῆρα); O.C.S. pęndь ‘span”, pǫditi “urge, press, push, drive, push” (originally perhaps “ein Vieh an gespanntem Strick vorwärtsziehen”); presumably also as “gespannt hängen”, Lat. pendeō, -ēre “hangen, herabhangen”, pendō, -ĕre “wägen, schätzen, pay” (to Wägen aufhängen), Umbr. ampentu “impenditō”; whether also O.E. finta m. “tail, Folge”?References: WP. II 660 ff., WH. II 579 f., Trautmann 214, 219, Vasmer 2, 272, 379 f.
Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary. 2015.